1979_09 The Daily Collegian September 1979

              OONOO CONVERSIONS SENATE
RESPONSIBILITY OK YOURS?
Man of The People
(Igg7-taeg) He wrote Booker T Waafiington looking    ^ Afrikan Legion, .and on  Afrikan
There has been a recent trend in tho
Fresno area towards converting apartment complsa<i into condominiums.
This action has been reported and talked
about in the local newspapers for
several months now While this issue
has been given priority in many campus
publications, the publicity alone has
been unable to generate the much
needed support among Black students,
who will be the most severely affected
should this trend be allowed to continue
Talking to several students on campus, tho attitude about condo conver-
mge from apathetic to deep
Most Black students feel thot
extra time or ejnergy they
have should be directed m other areas
Unfortunately, none of this energy has
been towards working with campus
organizations or individuals who could
do something about the services being
rendered in this community Some Black
students feel that because they are a
year or two from graduating, that they
have no responsibility to speak out in
opposition to condo conversions I would
like to challenge those students to
explain who does have a responsibility
to protect Black student interests
Should the protection of our interests
be up to the predominantly white
student senate, faculty and staff at
CSUF? While these people do have an
obligation to serve all students, they
do not have a responsibility to meditate
you to think such as where you are going
to live should all the apartments be converted into condominiums
Mark A Scott
Interested Student
ond May
Alter reading the April
igf
I am both
-GIveUeTMsDey'
by Linds deeds
Fresno was given a day of entertainment whan Charles Wayner Smith of
Bakersfield, brought his company of
players to Fresno Memorial Audrtonum,
June 2 and 3 Prolific Art Productions
along with the Fresno Mind of the
Cosnmunity pre leased a unique musical
comedy A comedy centered around Die
rotations confronting Black
? The piay allowed its audience to
i into the private life if the Hillman
inng tho Civil •fights movement of the 19e0's    Although tome of
at, one of die best acts m die play
was in the church of Rev Bufter
The Reverend told it Baa It was. ttw it
is and like it should be His arousing
speech was the focal point of 'Give Us
This Day.The demand for justice was
not only dear in die title
but also in
performance of Smith and his company
	
.Marcus Moanah Garvey was born
17,   1B67 town of  St    Ann's
Bay on die noithorn coast of Jamaica.
The youngest oi eleven children born to
artisan Marcus Garvey and his wife,
Sarah   Garvey       After   attending   est
mentary   school   he   discontinued   hit
formal educationand at the ag*' of
fourteen moved to Kingston, where he
mastered the trade of printing
By the age of twenty, Garvey was a
master printer and foreman of one
the largest plants on the island But,
he lost hit bob in 1907 after organizing
public meetings in favor of the workert
of one of the oldest ond most powerful
labor organizations on the island
Unable to find private employment
at a printer because of hit activities
at a strike leader. Garvey went to work
ot the government office In 1910,
he founded a periodical known as
'Carvey's Watchman', which proved
unsuccessful He next helped establish
the National Club, a political organization
Garvey toon realized that to effectively organize the Black race he needed
more   organizational    and    financial
backing    He could not acquire this in
Jamaica    He therefore left hit job at
the  printing  office  and   traveled to
Costa Rica, Bocas-del-Toro in Panama.
Ecuador,        Nicaragua,        Honduras,
Columbia,   and   Venezuela   witnessing
the exploitation of Black masses in the
banana    plantations,    tobacco    fields,
mines   ,and  workert  on   the   Panama
Canal
In 1912 Garvey went to London to
learn of the condition of Black people in
other parts of the British Empire   Hera
he became associated with  Duse Mo
rtammed AM a Black men form Egypt
who stimulated his interest in Afrika
and   its   isaaaslaMon   by   European
colonists    In  London,  ha  na
people from all parts of the
while  he was  studying  the
of the Black man throughout the world
Then by accident, he came across
«   copy  of   Booker   T    Washington $
autobiography      Up     From     Slavery
This book had a profound effect upon
ham at he later sssd, 'I read Up Frees
Slavery by Booker T   Wathmton, and
then my doom - If I may to call it - of
being a race leader dawned upon me
I asked ,   Where it die Black man s
government?   Where it die King and
hit  kingdom?   Where is hit President
hit country, and hit ambassador, his
army, his navy, hit men of big affairs?
I could not find them and then I detacred
I will help to make diem '
in the summer of 1914 Garvey returned
to Jamaica, 'determined that the Black
men would not continue to be kicked
about by all the other races and nations
of the world ' Hit brain 'was afire',
he taid, with possibility of 'uniting all
tha Negro people of the world into one
great body to establish a country and a
government    absolutely    their    own.'
On August 1. 1914 Garvey organized
the Uni varan Negro Improvement
Association, on nrgsaTiiHioi. designed
to 'reclaim die fallen' ond 'to establish
Universal Coidi tsrnsl» among the
race '    In the spring of 1950, Garvey
decided to call the Black people of the
United States for support of die inter-
tsBoratlon of die  Black  race
He wrote Booker T Washington seeking
: of fist U N.I.A. program    But
Garvey  could  Complete   his
travel   plans   Booker   T    Washmton
died      However on March  23,   1916,
he came to the Unrted States, setting
up a branch of die UN I A  in Harlem
He toured 3B US states to learn of the
conditions of Black people   He could not
have picked a  more agreeable  time
The big cities of the North were flooded
with a matt migration of Black people
from the South     The Black mattes
ware  disillusioned  by  World  War   I,
the rite of white racism    KKK, poor
housing    and    other    social-economic
factors thet assisted human exploitation
In January, 1916 Garvey founded die
*aekly newtpaper 'the Negro World',
that became one of the leading Balck
weeklies in the United States,  with
an estimated circulation of 60,000 to
200,000  during   its   most   remarkable
years   This was one oi the nost remarkable journalistic ventures ever attempted
by a Black man in die United States
'The Negro World'  was  thut  disseminated all over die world until rt was
banned   by   many   of   die   colonial
governments   because  of   its   Black
nationalist ideology      (As    result the
•harlem branch of the U N I A  became
world heaadquarters ond  membership
soared)
In 1919, Garvey began telling stock
in the Black STAR Line, which acquired
ships  for  commerce  with
transportation to Afrika     Co-operative
businesses were alto founded to finance
hit  movement      He called  on   international convention of the Black world
to convene  in  New York  in 'T920
Under his  leadership,  the convention
adopted a 'Declaration of the Rights of
the Negro People of the World', and
established an Afrikan Republic with
Garvey chosen at ProvisaonaJ President
Black  Croat   Nurses,
on  Afnkan  Legion, and an  Afrikan
Church, wah a Block God and
wiiiie the UNIA grew, the forces
of the US State Department and
government doctored diet Garvey was
'an undesirable and indeed a vary
dangerous alien' whose aim was to pit
'all of the Negroes in the world against
the White people' (R W F Office
of the Solicitor, Memo to Ooughton
June 21,1921, State Department Files
ail 10BC 191/31. National Archaevet )
In 1922. Garvey was framed on mail
fraud   charges    concerning    tale of
Black Star Line STOCK      Although
herd   evidence   against   him   in   the
trial for mail fraud was not found, he
received     die     maximum five-year
tanastsoi  and  was convicted  on  the
alleged contents of an empty envelope
while his co-defendents ware acquitted
for lack of evidence.  Serving two years
in   Atlanva.   Ga    federal   prison,   hit
asnotnea was commuted by President
GooMdge in 1927 and he was immediatK
deported   Hit movement dwindled due
to infiltrators, sabotage, police raids of
UN I A offices, jailing and murder of
The domestic attacks on the UNIA
paralleled internationally A
Liberian colony scheme was blocked
by pressure from the Firestone Rubber
Company In the British colonies
Carvey's publications were banned
and the movements of himself and his
The UNIA was also repressed in the
French territories ond was barred from
Belgian Congo     In Rhodesia, Black
people were jailed for  possession  of
Garvey   magazines
After being deported Garvey returned
to Jamaica he was jailed for his
remarks in political activities He
left Jamaica and moved to London In
1935, where he died of a stroke in 1940
at the age of 51