1983_05 Insight May 1983

              ■■night
State grantffands study of alcohol-fueled engines
ANDRANIGIAN of farm energy resources in order to
f nsigrit reporter conserve energy.
"IT a farmer watches what he's
state grant,   doing. Ue can be less dependent on off -
ructors  and   farm supplies," he said,
are working to find ways to 	
Dr. Charles Krauter, who is in
charge of the field research in the irrigation project has divided his part
into three sections. He said that he has
"been fairly happy with the progress
One which Krauter calls "the
most dramatic of three," Involves the
1 partiaUy represented in the use of a computer-operated irrigation
project It Involves four ansa of • system designed to handle-the overaU
research: water conservation (lr- duties of a fanner. A fanner could
also keep close check on a field 2000
miles away with the connection of a
phone line to a terminal.
"Theoretically, you can flip the
switch at the beginning of the season
and it wiU take care of itself tbe rest of
the season," he said.
The computer is wired to soil sensors that check soil moisture every
hour and trigger the irrigation system
provide energy for the alcohol stiU in
alcohol wiU drive a gas engine in the
iridus trial arts and technology department that wiU generate electricity.
Bowerman said that the project is
revolutionary in that an alcohol
engine that develops high horsepower
at low RPM (revolutions per minute)
Dr.
t, the
project director, said that his project
serves a dual purpose since it involves
both energy saving techniques as weU
as better use of farm byproducts.
He said that energy wUl be saved
while
fuel alcohol production and multi-fuel
Work began in October of 1961 and
win continue until June 1964.
"As the grant winds down, we'U
attempt to contlrasfi our research,"
said Dr. Gary Grannis, chairman of
tbe di-partment of Industrial Arts and
Grannis said that to his
aUatmlaigB, the grant was one of the
largest single grants given to CSUF.
"Yon don't tear about million-
dollar research projects at Fresno
State," he said.
Grannis said that tbe grant is
'     d to demonstrate more effi-
dent uses of fuel and power sources.
Demonstration projects are being
eaUabUsbed to help farmers and con-
"Others besides farmers are interested to our wort, although initially the project is to improve farm efficiency," te said.
Grannis said that tbe engine portion of the project is scheduled to com-
plete date no later than next fall. They
are now in the test phase, performing
tests and evaluating data. He said
that the next phase will include the
road testing of engines.
According to project accountant
Ed Mastropoalo, who is an ad
minis tia ti ve assistant to Ce iter for Irrigation Technology (CIT) Director
Ed Norum, the water study is allotted
the most money with $784,556. Alcohol
received $393,267 and methane,
$301,487.
Mastropoalo said that tbe goal of
tbe project is toward better utilization
Open-air
market
may move
DEBBIE STOKES
/aiight reporter
Rustic-looking wooden produce
stands, tbe heat of the early morning
sun and the cool, crisp morning air set
the stage for what is about to take
place.
Welcome to the Farmer's Market
A place where farmers offer their
quality goods at a bargain price.
"Where friends meet friends," said
one Fanner's Market seller.
As many as 2,000 customers make
a trip to tbe marketplace to purchase
fresh tomatoes, crispy lettuce, Juicy
oranges, apples, broccoli, onions,
honey, eggs, fresh fish, nuts and dried
fruits.
For years Fresnans have enjoyed
the open-air rnarketplace in the heart
of their dty. Tbe market has had
several borne "sites" and it Is currently located at Merced and N
streets in downtown Fresno. It has
been at this location since the early
"SOB.
More recently, the site of the
Farmer's Market Is being considered
for building purposes by tbe dty of
Fresno. The dty is making tentative
plans to move the rnarketplace to
another location.
The market's produce venders
have mixed feelings toward the plan
A move to another location would
Tbe computerized pump could be
fitted with varied settings. A fertilizer
Injector could meter out certain
amounts of fertilizer. A cnlorinator
would help to rid drip irrigation
systems of algae problems. A wind
anamoter checks tbe wind speed,
avoiding irrigation if the speed is too
high
"There are a lot of things we can
hook into the computer," Krauter
said. He said that anything could be
done that is related to environment
and these were "Just examples" as
the project can be modified and-or
dupUcated.
"One of tbe ideas is to keep it as
simple and reproduceable as
possible," be said.
Krauter said that the computer
automated irrigation system (CAIS)
should be finished by the end of this
summer and that the system should
be working so that be could leave it
and let it run for the next 25 years.
The construction of a methane
plant wiU start next month, according
to Project Director Earl Bowerman,
who is also assistant dean for the
Scbool of Agriculture and Home
Economics.
' Tbe methane from tbe plant will
gas wiU come from various on-
campus refuse materials, primarily
cow manure for the dairy.
The generation of blo-gas
(methane) is done In a digester, and
according to Martiu, tbe design of this
particular one will be "somewhat of a
raorjeering effort necessitated by the
use of a manure flush system in the
new dairy.
"Our construction with the
methane is geared with the cons unction of the new dairy," te said. "The'
dairy is not part of the energy grant,
but they are beneficiary.
"The construction of the new
dairy is a step in the right direction,
but we're improving on that," Martin
said.
With the building of a methane
digester, waste that normally occurs
wiU be prevented, and the presence of
a solids separator wtU contribute to
more efficient handling of materials.
Martin called the solids separator
a "very important part of tbe
project."
Solid materials that have been
separated have a variety of uses ranging from potential animal feed, potting soil for greenhouses, an exceptional soil amendment to be incorporated into the farm fields, or in tbe
dairy for cows to rest on.
"Our objective is tbe conversion
of the waste materials into the bio-gas
for the use of heating steam for
alcohol production by the alcohol
group," he said. Regular piped gas is
presently being used to beat the still
since the methane generator is not
functioning.
~ Dr. Carlos Mueller (enology) and
Dr. Barry Gump (chemistry) have
been trying to Improve on existing
technologies in the fuel alcohol pro-
Dr. Gary Grannis, chairman of tbe department of IndustriaI Arts and Technology, shows off some of
the equipment purchased by CSUF thanks to a $1.4 million state grant.
duction area. Both are concerned with    that they wish to establish protocols    ga 11 ons of 90 proof alcohol per hour at
fermentation and distillation pro- for tte handling of various feedstocks,
cesses. By this, Gump thinks they can do local
Residues from culled fruit, growers, packers and farmers a ser-
damaged raisins or whatever happens vice by letting them know about
to be available are used in the fermen- future problems and successes.
tation process. Oranges are now being Mueller said that they are Just fin-
used, while tte summer harvest will ding conditions to achieve the utiliza-
bring peach and plum culls. Sugar tion of materials and wiU study tbe ex-
beets, artichokes, molasses and whey penditure Involved later on since it is
are on the menu for tte fall. Grapes, not known yet if some raw materials
kiwi and grapefruit have also been us- used are good to work with.
ed.
Many of these products come
from the CSUF farm, while others are
donated by area growers and packers,
say the professors.
"In a sense," Gump said, "It's an
additional market so they're very
cooperative."
He said that one of tte "obvious
Enology students Geoff Murray
and Rob Cabral have been working on
atmospheric pressure when run at full
speed. Currently, they are getting five
or six gallons per day.
"We are not getting tte maximum efficiency In our studies,''
Mueller said. "We are not In that
phase."
Part of Murray's and Cabral's Job
is to determine the proof of the alcohol
In tte wine and tte sugar in tte wine.
The time and changes during distillation, among otter factors are recorded. Murray said that everything is
done within tte same afternoon.
"Once we shut it off (stiU), all the
the project two days a week since analysis Is done," te said.
February l of this year. "What's important right now is to
Bothcome In-ai^a.m. to set up see what the alcohol is like that comes
tte days work. After the gas is off and its dfidency as a still."
Farmer's Market has been a Fresno tradition for half a century.
and the Farmer's Market venders are
working together to find an
"agreeable" solution.
to meet their customers. According to
a member of the Arnett family, "The
Arnett tradition is to offer tbe best
The marketplace is open three produce in town It the cheapest
days a week on Tuesday, Thursday prices."
and Saturday. Tte farmers and their
customers are known to start trading
as early as 7 a.m. By mid-morning the
market is buzzing with people buying
and selling.
Tte marketplace begins closing
when tte fruits and vegetables are   found the secret
gone. This is usually by early after-   tasting salad.'
Ponek   said   that   members   of
Family IMPACT have no predominant religious affiliation, but added,
"Basically, of course, we're all Christians. We want to go back to tte Bible
for the basic guidelines of right and
The Farmer's Market attracts a    wrong." Ponek dted the Ten Corn-
variety of people, some of which have   mandments and said emphatically,
traveled to tbe market for years.    "There is right and wrong."
Local restaurants are big customers Ponek, Lee and Magee believe
to tte marketplace. According to one   that elementary school books teach
Farmer's Market seller, "tbey have   children to cheat, lie, steal and to
making a fresh-   disrespect and challenge authority.
Members      recommend      that
turned on, it takes two hours for tte
stiU to teat up to boiling. Tte actual
goals" ia to gain experience with a   distillation Is from 10:30 a.m. to 3:30
number of feed stocks so as to ra-    p.m.
tionally evaluate them in the field of Mueler  said   that   the   still   is
fuel alcohol production. He also said   designed  to  produce four or five
IMPACT: Urges use
tional heros, violence and the
challenglsjg of1 parental authority.
Another factor leading to the
deterioration of youth, according to
Ponek, is the teaching of what she
calls secular humanism: "a no-God
religion that is as much a religion as
Christianity.
"Humanism is faith in man instead of God and has been decreed by
tbe U.S. Supreme Court to be a
religion. And it is against the code for
any religion to be taught in the
schools," said PoneY'The Education
Code requires teachers to teach
students "morals, manners and
dtzenshlp."
According to Ponek, the tenets of
secular humanism include "the ideas
that evolution is an unquestioned
scientific fact (Evolutionary Dogma),
that children are their own authorities
(Self Autonomy), that there are no absolute rights or wrongs (Situational
Ethics), that humanists believe in the
Deity but place their faith in people
rather  than  God   (Christianity
"The essence of the whole thing is
Continued from page 1
material. They ignored us.
"We live in hard times and
something has to be done about sex,
violence, drugs and disrespect
towards authority," said Ponek. "If
you destroy the youth of the country,
you can take over the country."
Quoting from the book, Is Public
Education Necessary?, by S.
Blumenfeld, Ponek said that communists are out "to change human
nature, destroy Christianity and
establish a socialist state ... to turn
churches into halls of science."
Negated), that children should have
the right to read anything (Total
Reading Freedom), that there Is no
hope beyond the grave (Death Education), that world citizenship is
preferable to national patriotism (Internationalism), and that socialism is
superior to private ownership
(Socialism).
"Humanism used to mean 'be
nicecb people,' " said Ponek. "Now it
means anti-God religion ... facts,
science. It's all planned ... God is
eliminated and man-made decisions
take over."
"We're not blaming teachers
They've been brainwashed. We're aU
brainwashed. I am too, although I try
to be objective," said Ponek.
"Tte media is pushing attitudes
— it's blackmail. It's a brainwashing
that's so complex, actually, most people don't realize what's going on."
When asked how many people
there are in Family IMPACT, Ponek
said, "We don't give out that information. We're a small group."
noon. During the summer season, the As tte cool air turns humid, and    publishers   parents,  teachers  and
produce vender can expect to seU-out    the heat of the sun becomes hot, the    school administrators put a toll to
would lose tte customers wbo live
within  walking  distance  of  the
> relocate tte Farmer's
Market are not final and both the city
his produce.
The sellers at the Farmer's
Market claim one can still buy a bag
of groceries for "under $5." Since tte
middleman is eliminated in this
market, the farmer Is able to offer his
produce at a much lower price.
Various peddlers have sold thdr
goods at tte market throughout the
years, but one San Joaquin family has
stuck with the market through several
generations.
Every market day one can expect
to see tte Arnett family displaying
their fresh produce and getting ready
tired workers begin t
the day.
dose shop for   soft core pornography in Illustrations,
downgrading of patriotism and na-
#&*>
9$
SCIENCE MAJORS
WANT A JOB THAT WILL MAKE
THE MOST OF YOUR 0E6REE?
A commission as an Air Force officer
may be your answer1 II you're a U.S.
citizen and have (or will have) a PS
degree in the field of science Calculus and priysics mandatory) you may quality for a few select potations currently
open. Starting salary approx. $18000.
challenging responsibilities, and rapid
advancement could be yours' Contact
your nearest Air Force recruiter or call:
SSgt. Gary Siciliano
1273 East Shaw Ave.
^
(209) 225-8723/24
_JMe\l
\Aokbte
M WORD
PROCESSING
SERVICE
Dissertstioh, Theses;-'
y     Term Papers, Resumes
MASS ORIGINALS OUR SPECIALTY I
CM COMPANY
1588 N. VAN NESS
 486-6433
aj*
Underclassmen Interested In Air Force
opportunities contact ROTC at 294-2593
Congratulate
your special
graduate!
Graduation greeting
cards for
• Pftrnary School
• ajurupr High
• Hrgf School
• College
A^RON'IfcWCREE TINGS
SJctth&ipajrlpiTsvn
KENNEL BOOKSTORE
^ In the Heart of th* Campus! A
A^