1995_05 Insight May 1995

              MAY 3,1995
In Focus
Insight takes advantage of latest technology
•^Improved quality is one
of many benefits pagination brings to newspaper
By Robert Williamson
StaffWriler
If you've noticed a difference in this
semester's Insight, there's a reason
other than discriminating good taste
and a brilliant editorial staff. It's the
first semester pagination has been
used to put the paper together.
For the unindoctrinated, pagination
is a process in which the entire newspaper (or whatever one wishes
printed) — photographs and all — is
laid out and assembled on a computer
screen, stored on a disc about the size
of a CD and printed out at the printers — or at least at those printers
equipped to handle pagination.
"Pagination is so much better than
the old paste-up system," said Paul
Adams, professor of journalism and
the Insight staff faculty adviser this
semester. "There's really not many
down sides to it
"The best part of all is you can see
what the finished product will look
like all at once. What you see is what
you'll get," he said.
"It's like the difference between
hand printing everything and printing
after the invention of the press," said
Jefferson Beavers, Insight deputy
managing editor and a journalism
major.
"It's easier, faster and the quality is
so much bener," said Julie Pendley,
publisher's assistant at the Selma Enterprise (where Insight is printed).
"The color quality is one of the main
attractions."
Before pagination, everything
printed had to be camera ready ex
actly the way a customer wanted the
finished product to look, except for
the color. The printer then "photographed" that onto a silver-coated,
thick piece of paper which, when developed, became the printing "plate"
used to print further copies.
For a newspaper, that meant everything — text, heads and subheads,
photos and graphics, boxes and lines,
etc. — had to be laid out actual size
on "dummy pages" using'wax to hold
it all in place.
No more. No more measuring and
sizing of the text and photos; no more
hours of cutting and "pasting"; no
more having photos half-toned; no
more risking columns of text falling
off the page on the way to the printers and being put back on wrong.
Photo negatives don't even have to
be developed into prints anymore.
"Now we just scan in the negatives,"
said journalism professor Greg
Lewis. "No more chemicals, no hazardous wastes and there's less water
The computer essentially develops
the photo in the computer, then can
half-tone it, size it, crop it, touch it
up — whatever's needed for the application — all with the push of a few
buttons.
"This is a big factor for private industry," Lewis said, "the elimination
of a 'wet' dark room."
Lewis was instrumental in getting
the upgraded computer equipment
necessary to do thc pagination,
PowerMac 6100s and APS Super
Drives, purchased and installed in thc
journalism lab and Insight office.
He said Robert Ware, assistant dean
of the arts and humanities school, was
the one who "pulled the administrative
strings necessary to get the funding."
"Without his initiative," Lewis said,
"we'd still be stuck with obsolete
equipment."
Lewis said it took about two years
to get the new equipment, but that
worked out to their advantage because
so many advancements were made in
that time, they ended up getting much
better equipment than they would
have had they acquired it earlier.
The greatly expanded storage capacity of the new machines is what makes
pagination possible.
"Thc sheer disk space required to
store an average 10-page newspaper
is tremendous, so an incredible
amount of disk space is required for
pagination," Beavers said.
Even with the new equipment, however, Beavers said he still has to come
in weekly to "clean off the server"
(erase last week's input).
"The server has crashed three times
Crimes, from page 1
wards others based on sexual preference, he sat in silence for a few seconds before saying it was just because
he didn't like them.
"1 don't like what they do and neither docs God," Alex said.
Today Alex says he's repentant of
what he's done and wouldn't commit
those violent acts today if faced with
the same situation.
But the fact remains that attacks on
gays are now the fastest growing category of hale crime in America.
Those who attend thc annual Gay
Pride Parade that makes its way
through the heart of the Tower District each year will find representatives
from thc KKK in costume standing
along the sidewalks voicing their
opinions, peacefully last year, not so
peacefully thc year before.
But to say the gay community Is thc only
segment in society that experiences hate
violence would be an understatement
Thc Jewish community, probably the
most targeted, continues to experience
blatant forms of hate from anti-Semitic
slogaas that have been painted on almost
every Jewish synagogue across thc country to beatings and even killings.
The African-American community
also continues to experience hate
crimes, including crosses being
burned in front of houses.
Two years ago, Christopher Wilson
stood soaked with gasoline in a dusty
field as his white attackers shouted
racial slurs before lighting a match
and leaving him to bum to death in
West Palm Beach, Fla.
Although many believe it's not possible, an alarming number of hate
crimes against white individuals have
been committed and continue to rise.
Experts say hate crimes, which are typically racial or ethnically motivated, are
usually committed by male teenagers who
almost always attack in large groups.
"Wc basically live in a prejudiced
society," Karen Lcavy, a sociologist,
said. "Anyone who says they are no!
is just fooling themselves. What you
do sec is different degrees of thai
prejudice in people."
Leavy says thc prejudice begins in
childhood by a society saturating children with images of white cartoon
characters, white religious figures and
"good guys wear white" mentality.
"The rest of the prejudices that are
formed come from the children's parents,''
Leavy said.
According to research conducted by
the anti-bias task force in Southern
California, children by the age of 2
begin to notice differences in sex and
race. By age 3 they begin to develop
prejudicial attitudes, and at 4 and S
they cite race or sex as reasons for not
playing with other children.
According to Gordon Allport's
book, "The Nature of Prejudice." not
all children act upon their prejudices
in a violent or aggressive way.
However, some do move on to the
next level which engages the child in
name calling which in turn almost always results in a physical attack.
But it is a great feeling of insecurity
that most psychologists and sociologists contribute to a person stepping
beyond the realm of name calling to
commit violent acts against others.
"That is why teenagers especially,
who are struggling with questions of
identity and adulthood, commit such
a great share of hate crimes," Leavy
said. "It has to do with the fact that
these individuals arc experiencing an
extreme insecurity about themselves."
Ironically, researchers have found
that most individuals accused of committing hate crimes arc middle-class
white males.
"We're going to see a greater number
of these violent arts because society has
changed dramatically,'' Leavy said "You
have a much more socially diverse society now. Civil rights brought about many
advantages. The gay community is stepping forward now.
"The education system and the job
market have become much more competitive and there are these adolescents that are saying, 'Hey I'm having trouble. I may not make it' And
they look for someone on which to
act out their indignation," she said.
Leavy also said increases in such behavior usually occur during times of
war and economic hardship where individuals who begin to feel the stress
of such situations look for another individual or group of people to blame.
During the Persian Gulf War attacks
against Arab-Americans increased
dramatically. The Rodney King verdict in Los Angeles brought forth a
bloody riot in which half the city
found itself turned upside down and
engulfed in flames. Both Korean-
Americans and whites were attacked
and beaten the most noted being
Reggie Denny.
already this semester— mostly from
our own mistakes though.
"The server can store one gigobyte
— one billion bytes — and we had it
packed full," hc said.
When the server crashes, the computer
is basically rendered inoperable until computer services' personnel can come in to
"reboot" and reaccess the system.
Lewis estimated more than 50
megabytes of memory are used for an
average issue of Insight but said that
amount would be reduced as more
was learned about using the system.
Each character — a letter, a number, a punctuation mark. etc.—equals
approximately one byte. A megabyte
equals about one million bytes.
One color photo two columns wide
by 4 inches tall takes about 36 kilobytes (a kilobyte equals about 1,000
See INSIGHT, page 5
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